38. Strontium - Elementymology & Elements Multidict

Elementymology & Elements Multidict

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38
Strontium
Strontium – Strontium – Strontium – Estroncio – ストロンチウム – Стронций – 鍶
Sr
Multilingual dictionary

Indo-European
Strontium Latin

— Germanic
Strontium Afrikaans
Strontium Danish
Strontium German
Strontium English
Strontium Faroese
Strontium Frisian (West)
Strontín Icelandic
Strontium Luxembourgish
Strontium Dutch
Strontium Norwegian
Strontium Swedish

— Italic
Estronzio Aragonese
Strontsiumu Aromanian
Estronciu Asturian
Estronci Catalan
Estroncio Spanish
Strontium French
Stronzi Friulian
Estroncio Galician
Stronzio Italian
Strúnzi Lombard
Estronci Occitan
Estrôncio Portuguese
Stronţiu Romanian - Moldovan

— Slavic
Стронций [Stroncij] Bulgarian
Stroncij[um] Bosnian
Стронцый [stroncyj] Belarusian
Stroncium Czech
Stroncij Croatian
Starnt Kashubian
Стронциум [Stroncium] Macedonian
Stront Polish
Стронций [Stroncij] Russian
Stroncium Slovak
Stroncij Slovenian
Стронцијум [Stroncijum] Serbian
Стронцій [stroncij] Ukrainian

— Baltic
Stroncis Lithuanian
Stroncijs Latvian
Struoncis Samogitian

— Celtic
Strontiom Breton
Strontiwm Welsh
Strointiam Gaelic (Irish)
Strointiam Gaelic (Scottish)
Stroinçhum Gaelic (Manx)
Strontyum Cornish

— Other Indo-European
Στροντιο [strontio] Greek
Ստրոնցիում [stronts'ium] Armenian
Stroncium, ²Strontiumi Albanian

— Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Stronsiyûm Kurdish
Стронций [stroncij] Ossetian
Стронсий [Stronsi'] Tajik

— Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
স্ট্রনসিয়াম [sṭransiẏāma] Bengali
استرونسیم [astrwnsym] Persian
સ્ટ્રૉંટીયમનો [sṭro'ṭīyamano] Gujarati
स्ट्रोन्सियम [sṭronsiyama] Hindi

Finno-Ugric
Strontsium Estonian
Strontium Finnish
Stroncium Hungarian
Стронций [Stroncij] Komi
Стронций [Stroncij] Mari
Стронти [stronti] Moksha
Strontsium Võro

Altaic
Stronsium Azerbaijani
Стронци [Stronci] Chuvash
Стронций [stroncij] Kazakh
Стронций [Stroncij] Kyrgyz
Стронци [stronci] Mongolian
Stronsiyum Turkish
سترونتسىي [strontsiy] Uyghur
Stronsiy Uzbek

Other (Europe)
Estrontzioa Basque
სტორცინიუმი [storc'iniumi] Georgian

Afro-Asiatic
سترانشيوم [istiruntiyūm] Arabic
סטרונציום [strontsium] Hebrew
Stronzju[m] Maltese

Sino-Tibetan
Sṳ̂ (鍶) Hakka
ストロンチウム [sutoronchiumu] Japanese
스트논듐 or 스트론튬 [seuteurontyum] Korean
สทรอนเชียม [sathronchiam] Thai
Stronti Vietnamese
[si1 / si1] Chinese

Malayo-Polynesian
Estronsyo Cebuano
Strontium Indonesian
Strontium Māori
Strontium Malay

Other Asiatic
സ്ട്രോണ്‍ഷിയം [sṭrōṇṣiyam] Malayalam
ஸ்ட்ரோண்டியம் [sţrōņţiyam] Tamil

Africa
Sitotu Lingala
Strontiamo Sesotho
Stronti Swahili

North-America
Estroncio Nahuatl

South-America
Istronsyu Quechua

Creole
Strontimi Sranan Tongo

Artificial
Stroncio Esperanto

New names
Stronton Atomic Elements
Destroytissueum Dorseyville
memory peg

Yellow-white metal which quickly oxidize and form a dark gray/black surface coating
melting point 769 °C; 1416 °F
boiling point 1384 °C; 2523 °F
density 2.54 g/cc; 158.57 pounds/cubic foot
1787/90 William Cruikshank & Adair Crawford, England/Ireland
Strontian (Srón an t-Sithein), village in Scotland
named by Thomas Hope in 1793

History & Etymology

 
Strontium was first detected in the mineral strontianite (SrCO3, named in 1791), found in the lead mine at Strontian (Srón an t-Sithein), on the shores of Loch Sunart, Argyllshire, Scotland. It appears that it has been known as far back as 1764, but it was not recognized as a distinct mineral until later when the examination of it led to the discovery of the new earth.

For the discovery of Strontium several chemists are credited: Cruikshank (1787), Crawford (1790), Hope (1791), Klaproth (1793), Kirwan (1794), and finally Davy (1808).

The earliest chemical work on this mineral was by William Cruikshank in 1787, and by the Irish physician Adair Crawford (1748-1795) in 1790. They concluded that it contained a new earth.

In September 1793, Martin Heinrich Klaproth published a paper describing a series of parallel experiments made with strontianite and witherite (barium carbonate). In 1794 he prepared Strontium oxide and Strontium hydroxide.

On 4 November 1793 Thomas Hope (1766-1844), professor of chemistry in the University of Edinburgh, read to the Royal Society of Edinburgh a paper, summarised in the Society's Transactions in 1794 but not published in full until 1798, in which he reported that he began to work on the mineral from Strontian in 1791 and in a series of experiments he showed that it contained a "hitherto unknown kind of earth". He called the mineral strontianite and the new earth strontia (strontites) after the locality of the mine.

On 9 January 1794 the Irish chemist Richard Kirwan (1733-1812) read a paper to the Royal Irish Academy and described a number of careful experiments including the preparation of a number of salts of Strontium and of the oxide and hydroxide.

W.P. Doyle, in his biography of Thomas Hope, concluded that "the original discovery of the individual nature of strontianite must be ascribed to Crawford and Cruickshank; while Klaproth, Hope and Kirwan contributed equally and independently to the examination of the properties of strontianite and to the preparation of several compounds of strontium and their differentiation from those of barium."

In 1807-08 Sir Humphry Davy, who had previously isolated the elements Sodium, Potassium, Barium, Calcium and Magnesium, managed by similar techniques to isolate the unknown element from strontianite. In his paper read for the Royal Society of London on 30 June 1808, he referred to the new alkaline earth metals in this way (note):

   

Strontian
Strontian (pronounced /strɒnˈtiən/ (stron-tee-ən)) (Scottish Gaelic: Sròn an t-Sìthein) is the main village in Sunart, an area in western Lochaber, Highland, Scotland, on the A861 road. It lies on the north shore of Loch Sunart, close to the head of the loch. In the hills to the north of Strontian Thomas Charles Hope discovered the mineral strontianite, from which the element strontium was first isolated. The village name in Gaelic, Sròn an t-Sìthein, translates as the nose [ie. 'point'] of the fairy hill, meaning a knoll or low round hill inhabited by the mythological sìdhe (note).

The mines near Strontian. They are not open for the public.

Chemistianity 1873
KAYAN
STRONTIUM, from Ore first found at Strontian,
Scotland, is a dark yellow colour'd metal;
It speedily oxides in Air, or Water.
Its Salts tinge candle flame a fine crimson;
They act sometimes like Barium compounds.
J. Carrington Sellars, Chemistianity, 1873, p. 122
Further reading

Sources Index of Persons Index of Alleged Elements