96
Curium
Curium – Kurium – Curium – Curio – キュリウム – Кюрий – 鋦
Cm
Elementymology & Elements Multidict |
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96
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Curium
Curium – Kurium – Curium – Curio – キュリウム – Кюрий – 鋦
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Cm
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Multilingual dictionary
Indo-European
Curium Latin— Germanic
Kurium AfrikaansCurium Danish Kurium German Curium English Kurium Faroese Curium Frisian (West) Kúrín Icelandic Kurium Luxembourgish Curium Dutch Curium Norwegian Curium Swedish — Italic
Curio AragoneseChiriumu Aromanian Curiu Asturian Curi Catalan Curio Spanish Curium French Curi Friulian Curio Galician Curio Italian Cüri Lombard Curi Occitan Cúrio Portuguese Curiu Romanian - Moldovan — Slavic
Кюрий [Kjurij] BulgarianCurijum, ²Kirij Bosnian Кюрый [kjuryj] Belarusian Curium Czech Kurij Croatian Czur Kashubian Кириум [Kirium] Macedonian Kiur Polish Кюрий [Kjurij] Russian Curium Slovak Kirij Slovenian Киријум [Kirijum] Serbian Кюрій [kjurij] Ukrainian — Baltic
Kiuris LithuanianKirijs Latvian Kioris Samogitian — Celtic
Kuriom BretonCuriwm Welsh Ciúiriam Gaelic (Irish) Cùriam Gaelic (Scottish) Curium Gaelic (Manx) Curyum Cornish — Other Indo-European
Κιουριο [kiourio] GreekԿյուրիում [kyurium] Armenian Kirium, ²Curiumi Albanian — Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Küryûm KurdishКюрий [kjurij] Ossetian Кюрий [Kyuri'] Tajik — Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
কুরিয়াম [kuriẏāma] Bengaliکوریم [kwrym] Persian ક્યૂરિયમનો [kyūriyamano] Gujarati क्यूरियम [kyūriyama] Hindi Finno-Ugric
Kuurium EstonianCurium Finnish Kûrium Hungarian Кюрий [Kjurij] Komi Кюрий [Kjurij] Mari Кури [kuri] Moksha Kuurium Võro Altaic
Kürium AzerbaijaniКюри [Kjuri] Chuvash Кюрий [kjûrij] Kazakh Кюрий [Kjurij] Kyrgyz Кюри [kjuri] Mongolian Curiyum Turkish كىيۇرىي [kiyuriy] Uyghur Kyuriy Uzbek Other (Europe)
Kurioa Basqueკიურიუმი [kiuriumi] Georgian Afro-Asiatic
كوريوم [kūriyūm] Arabicקיוריום [kyurium] Hebrew Kurjum, ²Curju Maltese Sino-Tibetan
Khiu̍k (鋦) Hakkaキュリウム [kyuriumu] Japanese 퀴륨 [kuiryum] Korean คูเรียม [khūriam] Thai Curi Vietnamese 鋦 [ju2 / guk9] Chinese Malayo-Polynesian
Curyo CebuanoKurium Indonesian Curium Māori Kurium Malay Other Asiatic
ക്യൂറിയം [kyūṟiyam] Malayalamகியூரியம் [kiyūriyam] Tamil Africa
Kolumu LingalaCuriamo Sesotho Kuri Swahili North-America
Curio NahuatlSouth-America
Kuryu QuechuaCreole
Kurimi Sranan TongoArtificial
Kuriumo EsperantoNew names
Curion Atomic ElementsPatherus Dorseyville |
History & Etymology
First prepared in 1944 by Glenn T. Seaborg (1912-1999), Ralph A. James, and Albert Ghiorso working at the Manhattan Project at the wartime Metallurgical Laboratory in Chicago by bombardment of Plutonium with Helium ions. About the naming, Glenn Seaborg wrote in 1994: "Thus element 95 would be chemically similar to the lanthanide element europium (63) and element 96 would be chemically similar to gadolinium (64). Using this concept, in 1944 and 1945 we synthesized and chemically identified elements 95 and 96, by analogy with their rare earth homologues, europium (element 63) and gadolinium (element 64). The new elements were subsequently named americium (95) and curium (96)." (note)
In his autobiography, Seaborg says about the naming of Americium and Curium (note): At a meeting of the Heavy Isotopes Group at the Metallurgical Laboratory on March 5, 1946, I suggested that 95 and 96 be named "americium" and "curium" by analogy to the naming of their lanthanide homologs "europium" and "gadolinium." It was also pointed out that the +2 state of element 96 would be "cur-ious," but I replied that this oxidation state was not expected to exist. The chemical symbol for Curium is Cm, chosen because "m" is the initial of Marie Curie. False transuranic elements (#93-97) Element #96 has got in 1934-38 the preliminary name Eka-Platinum by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassmann in Germany, who thought they had found traces of several transuranium elements. In December of 1938, Hahn and Strassman found out that these radioactivities were not due to transuranium elements but were due to fission products. According to the Periodic Table of that time, without the Actinide series, element #96 is below Platinium (#78). According to the present Table, Eka-Platinum would be #110. Several Slavic languages, and el, ja, he seem to have the English pronounciation of the name Curium transcribed, since the name Curie, pronounced in French, does not start with "kyoo" (/ˈkjʊri, kjʊˈriː/;), but with "kuh" [kyʁi].
Marie and Pierre Curie
Marie Curie née Skłodowska (Warsaw 1867-Passy, Haute-Savoie 1934), Polish scientist, who investigated radioactivity, and with her husband Pierre Curie (1859-1906) discovered Radium. They worked on radioactivity and in 1898 she reported the possible existence of a new, powerfully radioactive element in pitchblende ores. Her husband abandoned his own researches to assist her and discovered the radioactive elements Polonium and Radium in the pure state in 1902.
They both refused to take out a patent on their discoveries, and were jointly awarded the Davy Medal (1903) and the Nobel prize for physics (1903 with Becquerel, "in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel"). In 1904 Pierre was appointed to a chair in physics at the Sorbonne, and on his death in a street accident was succeeded by his wife. She wrote a Treatise on Radioactivity in 1910, and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1911. She died a victim of the radiation among which she had worked in her laboratory. 
Further reading
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