95
Americium
Americium – Amerizium – Américium – Amerício – アメリシウム – Америций – 鎇
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Elementymology & Elements Multidict |
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95
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Americium
Americium – Amerizium – Américium – Amerício – アメリシウム – Америций – 鎇
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Am
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Multilingual dictionary
Indo-European
Americium Latin— Germanic
Amerikium AfrikaansAmericium Danish Amerizium German Americium English Americium Faroese Americium Frisian (West) Ameríkín Icelandic Amerizium Luxembourgish Americium Dutch Americium Norwegian Americium Swedish — Italic
Amerizio AragoneseAmeritsiumu Aromanian Americiu Asturian Americi Catalan Amerício Spanish Américium French Americi Friulian Americio Galician Americio Italian Ameríci Lombard Americi Occitan Amerício Portuguese Americiu Romanian - Moldovan — Slavic
Америций [Americij] BulgarianAmericij[um] Bosnian Амерыцый [amerycyj] Belarusian Americium Czech Americij Croatian Amerik Kashubian Америциум [Americium] Macedonian Ameryk Polish Америций [Americij] Russian Americium Slovak Americij Slovenian Америцијум [Americijum] Serbian Америцій [amerycij] Ukrainian — Baltic
Americis LithuanianAmerīcijs Latvian Amerėcis Samogitian — Celtic
Amerikiom BretonAmericiwm Welsh Aimeiriciam Gaelic (Irish) Aimeiriciam Gaelic (Scottish) Americium Gaelic (Manx) Amerycanyum Cornish — Other Indo-European
Αμερικιο [amerikio] GreekԱմերիցիում [amerits'ium] Armenian Americ[iumi] Albanian — Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Amerikyûm KurdishАмериций [americij] Ossetian Америтсий [Ameritsi'] Tajik — Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
অ্যামেরিসিয়াম [ayāmerisiẏāma] Bengaliامریسیم [amrysym] Persian ઍમરિશિયમનો [emariṡiyamano] Gujarati अमेरिशियम [ameriśiyama] Hindi Finno-Ugric
Ameriitsium EstonianAmerikium Finnish Amerícium Hungarian Америций [Americij] Komi Америций [Americij] Mari Америки [ameriki] Moksha Ameriitsium Võro Altaic
Amersium AzerbaijaniАмерици [Americi] Chuvash Америций [americij] Kazakh Америций [Americij] Kyrgyz Америци [americi] Mongolian Amerikyum Turkish ئامېرىتسىي ['ameritsiy] Uyghur Ameritsiy Uzbek Other (Europe)
Amerizioa Basqueამერიციუმი [americ'iumi] Georgian Afro-Asiatic
أمريكيوم [amarīsiyūm] Arabicאמריציום [ameritsium] Hebrew Amerizjum, ²Ameriċju Maltese Sino-Tibetan
Mî (鋂) Hakkaアメリシウム [amerishiumu] Japanese 아메리슘 [amerisyum] Korean อะเมริเซียม [amērisiam] Thai Amerixi Vietnamese 鎇 [mei2 / mei4] Chinese Malayo-Polynesian
Amerisyo CebuanoAmerisium Indonesian Americium Māori Amerisium Malay Other Asiatic
അമെരിസിയം [amerisiyam] Malayalamஅமெரிகியம் [amerikiyam] Tamil Africa
Amelu LingalaAmerikiamo Sesotho Ameriki Swahili North-America
Americio NahuatlSouth-America
Amerisyu QuechuaCreole
Amerikimi Sranan TongoArtificial
Americio EsperantoNew names
Amerion Atomic ElementsNeutronium Dorseyville |
History & Etymology
They researchers prepared the elements #95 and #96 while Plutonium was being produced in industrial proportions, in Hanford, to be used in nuclear weapons. Their labor lasted more than one year, being the difficulties so big that one of them suggested that the newly found elements should be called Pandemonium and Delirium. In spite of this, the elements were given the names Americium and Curium. About the naming, Glenn Seaborg wrote in 1994: "Thus element 95 would be chemically similar to the lanthanide element europium (63) and element 96 would be chemically similar to gadolinium (64). Using this concept, in 1944 and 1945 we synthesized and chemically identified elements 95 and 96, by analogy with their rare earth homologues, europium (element 63) and gadolinium (element 64). The new elements were subsequently named americium (95) and curium (96)." (note)In his autobiography, Seaborg says about the naming of Americium and Curium (note): At a meeting of the Heavy Isotopes Group at the Metallurgical Laboratory on March 5, 1946, I suggested that 95 and 96 be named "americium" and "curium" by analogy to the naming of their lanthanide homologs "europium" and "gadolinium." It was also pointed out that the +2 state of element 96 would be "cur-ious," but I replied that this oxidation state was not expected to exist.
False transuranic elements (#93-97) Element #95 has got in 1934-38 the preliminary name Eka-Iridium by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassmann in Germany, who thought they had found traces of several transuranium elements. In December of 1938, Hahn and Strassman found out that these radioactivities were not due to transuranium elements but were due to fission products. According to the Periodic Table of that time, without the Actinide series, element #95 is below Iridium (#77). According to the present Table, Eka-Iridium would be #109. Other name John and Gordon Marks suggested in 1994 the name Columbium (Cb) after the New World. The Marks brothers found the old names ugly and confusing. They offered alternative names that are equivalent contemporary (at the time and place of discovery) metaphors, both more euphonious and more memorable. For Americium they suggested Columbium with the argument that Europium is named after Europe. Personally, I don't understand what they have against Americium (note).
America
The element is named after America, especially the United States of America.
The continent is named after Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512), who made some voyages to the New World, several years after the discovery by Christopher Columbus. Vespucci's letters describing the New World were published and made the continent known to European scholars. The cosmographer Martin Waldseemüller proposed therefor the name America for the new world (1506).
Vespucci's first name "Amerigo" is the early-medieval Italian form of the German name "Heinrich" (earlier: "Heimerich" from: Old German heim = "home, estate" + Old German ric = "force, power, government"). 
Further reading
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