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Gadolinium
Gadolinium – Gadolinium – Gadolinium – Gadolínio – ガドリニウム – Гадолиний – 釓
Gd
Elementymology & Elements Multidict |
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Gadolinium
Gadolinium – Gadolinium – Gadolinium – Gadolínio – ガドリニウム – Гадолиний – 釓
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Gd
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Multilingual dictionary
Indo-European
Gadolinium Latin— Germanic
Gadolinium AfrikaansGadolinium Danish Gadolinium German Gadolinium English Gadolinium Faroese Gadolinium Frisian (West) Gadólín Icelandic Gadolinium Luxembourgish Gadolinium Dutch Gadolinium Norwegian Gadolinium Swedish — Italic
Gadolinio AragoneseGadoliniumu Aromanian Gadoliniu Asturian Gadolini Catalan Gadolínio Spanish Gadolinium French Gadolini Friulian Gadolinio Galician Gadolinio Italian Gadulíni Lombard Gadolini Occitan Gadolínio Portuguese Gadoliniu Romanian - Moldovan — Slavic
Гадолиний [Gadolinij] BulgarianGadolinij[um] Bosnian Гадаліній [hadalinij] Belarusian Gadolinium Czech Gadolinij Croatian Gadolin Kashubian Гадолиниум [Gadolinium] Macedonian Gadolin Polish Гадолиний [Gadolinij] Russian Gadolinium Slovak Gadolinij Slovenian Гадолинијум [Gadolinijum] Serbian Гадоліній [hadolinij] Ukrainian — Baltic
Gadolinis LithuanianGadolīnijs Latvian Gaduolėnis Samogitian — Celtic
Gadoliniom BretonGadoliniwm Welsh Gadailiniam Gaelic (Irish) Gadailiniam Gaelic (Scottish) Gadolinnium Gaelic (Manx) Gadolynyum Cornish — Other Indo-European
Γαδολινιο [gadolinio] Greek.ադոլինիում [(g)adolinium] Armenian Gadolin, ²Gadoliniumi Albanian — Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Gadolinyûm KurdishГадолиний [gadolinij] Ossetian Гадолиний [Gadilini'] Tajik — Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
গ্যাডোলিনিয়াম [gyāḍoliniẏāma] Bengaliگادولینیم [gadwlynym] Persian ગૅડોલિનિયમનો [geḍoliniyamano] Gujarati ग्याडोलिनियम [gyāḍoliniyama] Hindi Finno-Ugric
Gadoliinium EstonianGadolinium Finnish Gadolínium Hungarian Гадолиний [Gadolinij] Komi Гадолиний [Gadolinij] Mari Гадолини [gadolini] Moksha Gadoliinium Võro Altaic
Qadolinium AzerbaijaniГадолини [Gadolini] Chuvash Гадолиний [gadolinij] Kazakh Гадолиний [Gadolinij] Kyrgyz Гадолини [gadolini] Mongolian Gadolinyum Turkish گادولنىي [gadolniy] Uyghur Gadoliniy Uzbek Other (Europe)
Gadolinioa Basqueგადოლინიუმი [gadoliniumi] Georgian Afro-Asiatic
جدولينيوم [ghādūlīniyūm] Arabicגדוליניום [gadolinium] Hebrew Gadolinju[m] Maltese Sino-Tibetan
Nga̍t (釓) Hakkaガドリニウム [gadoriniumu] Japanese 가돌리늄 [gadollinyum] Korean แกโดลิเนียม [kaelōdiniam] Thai Gađolini Vietnamese 釓 [ga2 / ga1] Chinese Malayo-Polynesian
Gadolinyo CebuanoGadolinium Indonesian Gadolinium Māori Gadolinium Malay Other Asiatic
ഗാഡോലിനിയം [gāḍōliniyam] Malayalamகடோலினியம்\ [kaţōliṉiyam] Tamil Africa
Gadoli LingalaGadoliniamo Sesotho Gadolini Swahili North-America
Gadolinio NahuatlSouth-America
Gadolinyu QuechuaCreole
Gadolinimi Sranan TongoArtificial
Gadolinio EsperantoNew names
Gadolion Atomic ElementsStrongmagnium Dorseyville |
History & Etymology
The story of discovery and naming of this element began with Carl Gustav Mosander splitting old yttria into three new earths, yttria proper, erbia, and terbia (see table to the right, and the Rare Earths page). Mosander's erbia was confirmed by Marc Delafontaine in 1878 and renamed terbia, since the name erbia was since 1860 in use for Mosander's Terbium. Delafontaine's terbia was split by Jean de Marignac in 1880 into an earth to which he gave the provisional name Yα and true terbia (note). In 1886 François Lecoq de Boisbaudran produced a more pure form of the earth Yα. He separated it from Mosander's didymia, which originated from the mineral samarskite (cf. Samarium). After a correspondence with Marignac, Lecoq announced the Academie that Marignac had chosen to give Yα the name gadolinia. (note). The reason is not given, but clearly is it named after the mineral gadolinite:
Gadolinite is named after the chemist Johan Gadolin, see below. In a mineral from the Ytterby quarry near Stockholm he discovered in 1794 the element Yttrium (which he named Ytterbium). Yttrium was the first of the so-called rare-earth elements discovered. During the following 90 years a number of new rare-earths elements were discovered, some real, some alleged (for the whole story, see the special Rare earths page). Johan Gadolin
Johan Gadolin (Turku 5 June 1760 – 15 August 1852) was a Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist. Gadolin discovered the chemical element yttrium. He was also the founder of Finnish chemistry research. He beca,e professor of chemistry at the Royal Academy of Turku in 1797, as the second holder of that Chair of Chemistry, established in 1761 and first held by Pehr Adrian Gadd (4 April 1727 – 11 August 1797). After the old Royal Academy of Åbo was moved to Helsinki in 1828, this chair became the Chair of Organic Chemistry at the University of Helsinki (note).
The history of the surname is amusing: When the son of a Finnish farm 'Maunula' near Turku entered the learned path, he needed a surname and re-latinized (Maunu = Magnus) his farm name to "Magnulin". Later the versions Megalin, Isolin and Gadolin, from Greek, Finnish and Hebrew, respectively, were considered in the family, and the last one was adopted. Thus Gadolinium has the distinction of being the only elemental name derived from Hebrew (gadol = "great").
Ytterby
Ytterby, a village in Sweden on the island of Resarö, close to Vaxholm (east of Stockholm) is a deposit of many unusual minerals, containing rare earth and other elements. A Chronological list of discovery of the rare earths and their names and information and illustrations of Ytterby's quarry and a location map is on the Rare Earths page.
Further reading
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