Elementymology & Elements Multidict |
Lanthanum
Lanthaan – Lanthan – Lanthane – Lantano – ランタン – Лантан – 鑭
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Multilingual dictionary
Indo-European
Lanthanum Latin Germanic
Lantaan AfrikaansLanthan Danish Lanthan German Lanthanum English Lanthan Faroese Lanthaan Frisian (West) Lantan, ²Lanþan Icelandic Lanthan Luxembourgish Lanthaan Dutch Lantan Norwegian Lantan Swedish Italic
Lantán AragoneseLantan Aromanian Lantanu Asturian Lantani Catalan Lantano Spanish Lanthane French Lantani Friulian Lantano Galician Lantanio Italian Lantàni Lombard Lantan Occitan Lantâno Portuguese Lantan Romanian - Moldovan Slavic
Лантан [Lantan] BulgarianLanthanum, ²Lantan Bosnian Лантан [lantan] Belarusian Lanthan Czech Lantan Croatian Lantón Kashubian Лантан [Lantan] Macedonian Lantan Polish Лантан [Lantan] Russian Lantán Slovak Lantan Slovenian Лантан [Lantan] Serbian Лантан [lantan] Ukrainian Baltic
Lantanas LithuanianLantāns Latvian Lantans Samogitian Celtic
Lantan BretonLanthanwm Welsh Lantainam Gaelic (Irish) Lantanam Gaelic (Scottish) Lantanum Gaelic (Manx) Lanthanum Cornish Other Indo-European
Λανθανιο [lanthanio] GreekԼանթան [lant'an] Armenian Lantan, ²Lanthani Albanian Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Lantan KurdishЛантан [lantan] Ossetian Лантан [Lantan] Tajik Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
ল্যান্থানাম [lyānthānāma] Bengaliلانتانوم [lantanwm] Persian લૅન્થેનમનો [lenthennamano] Gujarati लाञ्थनम [lāñthanama] Hindi Finno-Ugric
Lantaan EstonianLantaani Finnish Lantán Hungarian Лантан [Lantan] Komi Лантан [Lantan] Mari Лантан [lantan] Moksha Lantaan Võro Altaic
Lantan AzerbaijaniЛантан [Lantan] Chuvash Лантан [lantan] Kazakh Лантан [Lantan] Kyrgyz Лантан [lantan] Mongolian Lantan Turkish لانتان [lantan] Uyghur Lantan Uzbek Other (Europe)
Lantanoa Basqueლანთანი [lant'ani] Georgian Afro-Asiatic
لنثانوم [lanthānūm] Arabicלנתן [lanthan] Hebrew Lantanum, ²Lantanju Maltese Sino-Tibetan
Làn (碲) Hakkaランタン [rantan] Japanese 란탄, 2란타넘 [lantan, lantaneom] Korean แลนทานัม [laenthānam] Thai Lantan Vietnamese 鑭 [lan4 / laan4] Chinese Malayo-Polynesian
Lantano CebuanoLantanium Indonesian Lanthanum Māori Lanthanum Malay Other Asiatic
ലാന്തനം [lāntan] Malayalamலந்தானம் [lantāṉam] Tamil Africa
Lantani LingalaLantanamo Sesotho Lanthani Swahili North-America
Lantano NahuatlSouth-America
Lanthanu QuechuaCreole
Lantanimi Sranan TongoArtificial
Lantano EsperantoNew names
Lantion Atomic ElementsCeria Dorseyville |
History & Etymology
Lanthanum was discovered in 1839 by Carl Gustav Mosander (1797-1858), since 1832 professor of chemistry and mineralogy at the Caroline Institute in Stockholm, as successor of Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1779-1848). In 1825, Berzelius has asked Mosander to prepare Cerium sulphide and it was during the course of this work that Mosander became convinced that this oxide contained another earth (oxide) (Cf. Cerium). Ten years later he took up the separations again, and the existence of a new element became established in November 1838. A few months later the discovery was made more widely known by Berzelius through his letters and a detailed account in the Annual Report (Årsberättelse). Since the new oxide was extracted as an impurity from cerium nitrate, Berzelius suggested the name lanthana, from the Greek λανθανω [lanthanō] = to lie hidden. On 12 February 1839 Berzelius wrote Friedrich Wöhler: "Mosander seems willing to take my suggestion to name it [the new element] Lanthanum and the oxide (the new soluble salt) lanthanum oxide or lanthana. Lanthano (Greek) means to hide or to escape notice. Lanthana lay hidden in the mineral cerite for 36 years after ceria (containing element Cerium) was discovered in the mineral cerite in 1803."
Berzelius erroneously used a τ (t) instead of a θ (th) in the Greek verb, hence Lantan instead of Lanthan. Mosander withheld publication frustrating Berzelius and Wöhler, while continuing his efforts at purification. Finally, he announced the results of his research in a paper held in July 1842 in Stockholm. An English translation was published in the Philosophical Magazine, and after this a German version in Poggendorf's Annalen: "Ueber die das Cerium begleitenden neuen Metalle Lanthanium und Didymium, so wie über die mit der Yttererde vorkommenden neuen Metalle Erbium und Terbium" (On the new metals Lanthanum and Didymium, accompanying Cerium, and on the metals Erbium and Terbium occurring with yttria) (note). Later, continuing analysis of Lanthana showed that it contained four new elements, see further Didymium (at Praseodymium). For more than one century any important applications for this element were not found. The interest for lanthanum was just scientific, being limited to the investigators improving its separation techniques and purification and knowing its spectrum. See also: Chronological list of discovery of the rare earths and their names
Chemistianity 1873
LTYAN
LANTHANUM, a graphite-like metal, Is a dark lead-grey powder, soft to the touch, And which, when hard press'd, adheres in compact mass. Its Oxide turns red litmus paper blue. J. Carrington Sellars, Chemistianity, 1873, p. 131-132
Further reading
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