36. Krypton - Elementymology & Elements Multidict

Elementymology & Elements Multidict

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36
Krypton
Krypton – Krypton – Krypton – Criptón – クリプトン – Криптон – 氪
Kr
Multilingual dictionary

Indo-European
Krypton Latin

— Germanic
Kripton Afrikaans
Krypton Danish
Krypton German
Krypton English
Krypton Faroese
Krypton Frisian (West)
Krypton Icelandic
Krypton Luxembourgish
Krypton Dutch
Krypton Norwegian
Krypton Swedish

— Italic
Criptón Aragonese
Cripton Aromanian
Criptón Asturian
Criptó Catalan
Criptón Spanish
Krypton French
Criton Friulian
Cripton Galician
Kripto Italian
Cript Lombard
Cripton Occitan
Krípton Portuguese
Kripton Romanian - Moldovan

— Slavic
Криптон [Kripton] Bulgarian
Kripton Bosnian
Крыптон [krypton] Belarusian
Krypton Czech
Kripton Croatian
Kriptón Kashubian
Криптон [Kripton] Macedonian
Krypton Polish
Криптон [Kripton] Russian
Kryptón Slovak
Kripton Slovenian
Криптон [Kripton] Serbian
Криптон [krypton] Ukrainian

— Baltic
Kriptonas Lithuanian
Kriptons Latvian
Kriptuons Samogitian

— Celtic
Kripton Breton
Krupton Welsh
Crioptón Gaelic (Irish)
Criopton Gaelic (Scottish)
Krypton Gaelic (Manx)
Crypton Cornish

— Other Indo-European
Κρυπτο [krypto] Greek
Կրիպտոն [kripton] Armenian
Kripton, ²Kryptoni Albanian

— Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Kripton Kurdish
Криптон [kripton] Ossetian
Криптон [Kripton] Tajik

— Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
ক্রিপ্টন [kripṭana] Bengali
کریپتون [kryptwn] Persian
ક્રિપ્ટૉનનો [kripṭonano] Gujarati
क्रिप्टन [kripṭana] Hindi

Finno-Ugric
Krüptoon Estonian
Krypton Finnish
Kripton Hungarian
Криптон [Kripton] Komi
Криптон [Kripton] Mari
Криптон [kripton] Moksha
Krüptoon Võro

Altaic
Kripton Azerbaijani
Криптон [Kripton] Chuvash
Криптон [kripton] Kazakh
Криптон [Kripton] Kyrgyz
Криптон [kripton] Mongolian
Kripton Turkish
كرىپتون [kripton] Uyghur
Kripton Uzbek

Other (Europe)
Kriptona Basque
კრიპტონი [kriptoni] Georgian

Afro-Asiatic
كربتون [kribtūn] Arabic
קריפטון [kripton] Hebrew
Kripton Maltese

Sino-Tibetan
Khiet (氪) Hakka
クリプトン [kuriputon] Japanese
크립톤 [keuribton] Korean
คริปทอน [khripthon] Thai
Kripton Vietnamese
[ke4 / hak7] Chinese

Malayo-Polynesian
Kripton Cebuano
Kripton Indonesian
Krypton Māori
Kripton Malay

Other Asiatic
ക്രിപ്റ്റോണ്‍ [kripṟṟōṇ] Malayalam
கிரிப்டோன் [kiripţōṉ] Tamil

Africa
Kliptoni Lingala
Kriptone Sesotho
Kriptoni Swahili

North-America
Kriptón Nahuatl

South-America
Kriptun Quechua

Creole
Kryptoni Sranan Tongo

Artificial
Kriptono Esperanto

New names
Krion Atomic Elements
Millionthatmosphereium Dorseyville
memory peg

Odorless, colorless gas which gives off a slightly greenish tinted color under high voltage
melting point -157 °C; -250 °F
boiling point -152 °C; -242 °F
density 0.0037 g/cc; 0.23 pounds/cubic foot
1898 Sir William Ramsay & Morris W. Travers, England
κρυπτος (kryptos) = hidden (Greek)

History & Etymology

After his discovery of Argon, Sir William Ramsay (1852-1916), joined by an assistant, Morris W. Travers (1872-1961), continued to search for another member of the expected inert gas family lighter than Argon.

They failed to find such a gas in rare minerals. From a liter of liquid air, they distilled Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Argon had distilled. On 30 May 1898, they observed the spectra of the inert remaining 25 cm3 of the original liter. Unique bright yellow and brilliant green lines suggested a new element which, because it remained hidden in the liquid, they named Krypton, from the Greek κρυπτος [kryptos] = hidden.
After measuring the density they found that Krypton had to be placed between Bromine and Rubidium on the periodic table.

Since this is heavier then Argon, Krypton was not the expected lighter gas lighter and they continued their search. After a few weeks they found the expected lighter gas, Neon.

After the publication by Ramsay and Travers of their findings, Ramsay's friend Marcellin Berthelot (1827-1907) suggested a better name for Krypton: "La forte raie verte 5566.3 du krypton coïncide sensiblement avec la brillante raie n° 4 (5567) de l’aurore boréale. Dès lors on pour-rait peut-être désigner ce gaz sous le nom plus harmonieux d’eosium, nom qu’il prend la liberté de suggerer a Monsieur Ramsay" (The strong green line 5566.3 of krypton coincides appreciably with the brilliant line n° 4 (5567) of the "aurora borealis" (the northern light). Consequently one could perhaps give this gas the more harmonious name of Eosium, I take the freedom of suggesting this name to Mr. Ramsay. Thus, Eosium from Greek εως [eos] = dawn. Obviously, Ramsay did not follow this suggestions, since the name Eosium is never heard of. (Until Marco Fontani found it again, thanks Marco).

Further reading
  • W. Ramsay, The Gases of the Atmosphere: The History of Their Discovery. London: Macmillan, 1915.
  • Mary Elvira Weeks, Discovery of the Elements, comp. rev. by Henry M. Leicester (Easton, Pa.: Journal of Chemical Education, 1968), pp. 764-765.
  • Edelgasse. Gmelins Handbuch der anorganische Chemie, 8. Aufl.; System-Nummer 1 (1926).
  • Fontani, Marco, Mariagrazia Costa, and Mary Virginia Orna, "Sir William Ramsay; Il piu «nobile» tra i chimici". La Chimica e l’Industria 86, no. 5, Giugno 2004.

Sources Index of Persons Index of Alleged Elements